1992 -- In a recent medical paper, prominent Houston surgeon Louis Girard proposed "Castration as a Deterrent to Violent Crime." While that alternative has been around for a while, Girard's sub-theme is new: "For lesser crimes ... removal of one testicle or one ovary" would be better than removal of fingers or toes because partial castration would make the criminal more docile and would not affect his or her ability to work, allowing him or her to be returned to society.
